Xianlian Zhou
Xianlian Zhou
Associate Professor, Bio-Medical Engineering
614 Fenster Hall (FENS)
About Me
Dr. Zhou is an Associate Professor and Director of the BioDynamics Lab in the Department of Biomedical Engineering at New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT). His research focuses on computational biomechanics, human modeling and simulation, robotics, injury prevention, and personalized medicine. Before joining NJIT, Dr. Zhou worked at CFD Research Corporation over 10 years, where he was a principal research scientist and manager of the Human Performance and Biodynamics group. In the past, Dr. Zhou have developed advanced computational models to simulate and analyze in vivo biomechanical forces on tissues, including muscles, bones, discs, lung, vessels and neurons, under injury and disease conditions such as blast, blunt, and shock impacts. He also helped to evaluate different protective or performance enhancement systems for warfighters such as advanced helmet and body armor systems and wearable assistive devices such as exoskeletons. The modeling tools and software Dr. Zhou developed have been used by U.S. Department of Defense organizations such as the Army Public Health Center, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, and the Naval Air Systems Command, among others. While earning a Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from the University of Iowa, Zhou worked on the Virtual Soldier Research (VSR) program sponsored by the U.S. Army to develop a new generation of digital humans to design safety and ergonomics technologies.
Education
Ph.D.; University of Iowa; Mechanical Engineering; 2007
M.E.; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Mechanical Engineering; 2003
B.Eng.; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Engineering Mechanics; 2000
M.E.; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Mechanical Engineering; 2003
B.Eng.; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Engineering Mechanics; 2000
Awards & Honors
2022 Best Paper Award, 7th International Digital Human Modeling Symposium
Website
2024 Fall Courses
BME 700B - MASTER'S PROJECT
BME 491 - RESEARCH & INDEPENDENT STUDY I
BME 701C - MASTER'S THESIS
BME 725 - INDEPENDENT STUDY
BME 321 - ADV MECHANICS FOR BIOMED ENGR
BME 701B - MASTER'S THESIS
BME 790A - DOCTORAL DISSERTATION
BME 726 - INDEPENDENT STUDY II
BME 491 - RESEARCH & INDEPENDENT STUDY I
BME 701C - MASTER'S THESIS
BME 725 - INDEPENDENT STUDY
BME 321 - ADV MECHANICS FOR BIOMED ENGR
BME 701B - MASTER'S THESIS
BME 790A - DOCTORAL DISSERTATION
BME 726 - INDEPENDENT STUDY II
Teaching Interests
Advanced Mechanics for Biomedical Engineering;
Computational Biomechanics;
Tissue Biomechanics;
Human-Robot Interaction.
Computational Biomechanics;
Tissue Biomechanics;
Human-Robot Interaction.
Past Courses
BME 321: ADV MECHANICS FOR BIOMED ENGR
BME 601: SEMINAR
BME 601: SEMINAR BIOMEDICAL ENGR
BME 676: COMPUTATIONAL BIOMECHANICS
BME 791: GRADUATE SEMINAR
BME 601: SEMINAR
BME 601: SEMINAR BIOMEDICAL ENGR
BME 676: COMPUTATIONAL BIOMECHANICS
BME 791: GRADUATE SEMINAR
Research Interests
My research interests are computational biomechanics and bioengineering, digital human modeling, and personalized medicine, specifically including musculoskeletal biomechanics, soft tissue biomechanics, tissue fatigue, injury, and recovery, and system-level human modeling and simulation. My current and future research aim to develop advanced computational methods and frameworks to simulate and analyze biomechanical loadings in biosystems under injury or disease conditions, to develop protection or preventive measures against injuries or diseases, to design and evaluate wearable assistive devices, and to study interaction and collaboration between human and machines or robots.
Conference Paper
Predicting Metabolic Rate for Firefighting Activities with Worn Loads using a Heart Rate Sensor and Machine Learning
2023 IEEE 19th International Conference on Body Sensor Networks (BSN) , October (4th Quarter/Autumn) 2023
State-Space Characterization of Human Balance Through a Reinforcement Learning Based Muscle Controller
ASME 2023 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. , August 2023
2023 IEEE 19th International Conference on Body Sensor Networks (BSN) , October (4th Quarter/Autumn) 2023
State-Space Characterization of Human Balance Through a Reinforcement Learning Based Muscle Controller
ASME 2023 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. , August 2023
Journal Article
Luo, Shuzhen, & Androw, Ghaith, & Adamovich, Sergei, & Su, Hao, & Nunez, Erick , & Zhou, Xianlian A. (2023). Robust Walking Control of a Lower Limb Rehabilitation Exoskeleton Coupled with a Musculoskeletal Model via Deep Reinforcement Learning. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 20(34), 19.
Yu, Shuangyue, & Yang, Jianfu, & Huang, Tzu-Hao, & Zhu, Junix, & Visco, Christopher, & Hameed, Farah, & Stein, Joel, & Zhou, Xianlian A., & Su, Hao (2023). Artificial Neural Network-Based Activities Classification, Gait Phase Estimation, and Prediction. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 51(7), 1471-1484.
Kannan, Ravishekar, & Singh, Narender, & Przekwas, Andrzej, & Zhou, Xianlian A., & Walenga, Ross, & Babiskin, Andrew (2021). A Quasi-3D Model of the Whole Lung: Airway Extension to the Tracheobronchial Limit using the Constrained Constructive Optimization and Alveolar Modelling, using a Sac-Trumpet Model. Journal of Computational Design and Engineering, 8(2), 691–704.
Pickle, Nathan, & Zehnbauer, Timothy, & Harrand, Vincent, & Zientara, Gary, & Zhou, Xianlian A., & Roos, Paulien (2021). Automated Medical Avatar Animation for Warfighter Mission Simulation. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, 91(25), S107--S112.
Zhou, Xianlian A., & Chen, Xinyu (2021). Design and Evaluation of Torque Compensation Controllers for a Lower Extremity Exoskeleto. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 143(1), 011007 (11 pages).
Yu, Shuangyue, & Yang, Jianfu, & Huang, Tzu-Hao, & Zhu, Junix, & Visco, Christopher, & Hameed, Farah, & Stein, Joel, & Zhou, Xianlian A., & Su, Hao (2023). Artificial Neural Network-Based Activities Classification, Gait Phase Estimation, and Prediction. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 51(7), 1471-1484.
Kannan, Ravishekar, & Singh, Narender, & Przekwas, Andrzej, & Zhou, Xianlian A., & Walenga, Ross, & Babiskin, Andrew (2021). A Quasi-3D Model of the Whole Lung: Airway Extension to the Tracheobronchial Limit using the Constrained Constructive Optimization and Alveolar Modelling, using a Sac-Trumpet Model. Journal of Computational Design and Engineering, 8(2), 691–704.
Pickle, Nathan, & Zehnbauer, Timothy, & Harrand, Vincent, & Zientara, Gary, & Zhou, Xianlian A., & Roos, Paulien (2021). Automated Medical Avatar Animation for Warfighter Mission Simulation. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, 91(25), S107--S112.
Zhou, Xianlian A., & Chen, Xinyu (2021). Design and Evaluation of Torque Compensation Controllers for a Lower Extremity Exoskeleto. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 143(1), 011007 (11 pages).
SHOW MORE
Schneider, Teseo, & Panozzo, Daniele, & Zhou, Xianlian A. (2021). Isogeometric high order mesh generation. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 386,
Zhou, Xianlian A., & Zheng, Liying (2021). Model-based Comparison of Passive and Active Assistance Designs in an Occupational Upper Limb Exoskeleton for Overhead Lifting. IISE Transactions on Occupational Ergonomics and Human Factors,
Luo, Shuzhen, & Androwis, Ghaith, & Adamovich, Sergei, & Su, Hao, & Nunez, Erick, & Zhou, Xianlian A. (2021). Reinforcement Learning and Control of a Lower Extremity Exoskeleton for Squat Assistance. Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 8,
Roos, Paulien E, & Vasavada, Anita , & Zheng, Liying, & Zhou, Xianlian A. (2020). Neck musculoskeletal model generation through anthropometric scaling. PloS one, 15(1),
Liu, Xuan, & Hubbi, Basil, & Zhou, Xianlian A. (2019). Spatial coordinate corrected motion tracking for optical coherence elastography. Biomedical Optics Express, 10(12), 6160-6171.
Yang, Xiaolong, & Huang, Tzu-Hao, & Hu, Hang, & Yu, Shuangyue, & Zhang, Sainan, & Zhou, Xianlian A., & Carriero, Alessandra, & Yue, Guang, & Su, Hao (2019). Spine-Inspired Continuum Soft Exoskeleton for Stoop Lifting Assistance. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, 4(4), 4547-4554.
Motiwale, Shruti, & Subramani, Adhitya, & Kraft, Reuben H, & Zhou, Xianlian A. (2018). A non-linear multiaxial fatigue damage model for the cervical intervertebral disc annulus. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 10(6), 1-16.
Zhou, Xianlian A., & Sun, Kay, & Roos, P, & Li, Peng, & Corner, Brian (2016). Anthropometry model generation based on ANSUR II database. Int. J. Digit. Hum, 1(4), 321--343.
Dura-Bernal, Salvador, & Zhou, Xianlian A., & Neymotin, Samuel A, & Przekwas, Andrzej, & Francis, Joseph T, & Lytton, William W (2015). Cortical spiking network interfaced with virtual musculoskeletal arm and robotic arm. Frontiers in neurorobotics, 9, 13.
Zhou, Xianlian A., & Whitley, Phillip, & Przekwas, Andrzej (2014). A musculoskeletal fatigue model for prediction of aviator neck manoeuvring loadings. Int. J. Hum. Factors Model. Simul, 4(3/4), 191--219.
Zhou, Xianlian A., & Przekwas, Andrzej (2011). A fast and robust whole-body control algorithm for running. International journal of human factors modelling and simulation, 2(1-2), 127--148.
Lu, Jia, & Zhou, Xianlian A. (2011). Cylindrical element: Isogeometric model of continuum rod. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 200(1-4), 233--241.
Zhou, Xianlian A., & Raghavan, Madhavan L, & Harbaugh, Robert E, & Lu, Jia (2010). Patient-specific wall stress analysis in cerebral aneurysms using inverse shell model. Annals of biomedical engineering, 38(2), 478--489.
Zhou, Xianlian A., & Lu, Jia (2009). Estimation of vascular open configuration using finite element inverse elastostatic method. Engineering with Computers, 25(1), 49.
Zhou, Xianlian A., & Lu, Jia (2008). Inverse formulation for geometrically exact stress resultant shells. International journal for numerical methods in engineering, 74(8), 1278--1302.
Lu, Jia, & Zhou, Xianlian A., & Raghavan, Madhavan L (2008). Inverse method of stress analysis for cerebral aneurysms. Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology, 7(6), 477--486.
Lu, Jia, & Zhou, Xianlian A., & Raghavan, Madhavan L (2007). Computational method of inverse elastostatics for anisotropic hyperelastic solids. International journal for numerical methods in engineering, 69(6), 1239--1261.
Lu, Jia, & Zhou, Xianlian A., & Raghavan, Madhavan L (2007). Inverse elastostatic stress analysis in pre-deformed biological structures: demonstration using abdominal aortic aneurysms. Journal of biomechanics, 40(3), 693--696.
Abdel-Malek, Karim, & Yang, Jingzhou, & Marler, Timothy, & Beck, Steven, & Mathai, Anith, & Zhou, Xianlian A., & Patrick, Amos, & Arora, Jasbir (2006). Towards a new generation of virtual humans. International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation, 1(1), 2--39.
Zhou, Xianlian A., & Lu, Jia (2005). Biomechanical analysis of skeletal muscle in an interactive digital human system. SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars—Mechanical Systems, 114(6), 2921--2929.
Zhou, Xianlian A., & Zheng, Liying (2021). Model-based Comparison of Passive and Active Assistance Designs in an Occupational Upper Limb Exoskeleton for Overhead Lifting. IISE Transactions on Occupational Ergonomics and Human Factors,
Luo, Shuzhen, & Androwis, Ghaith, & Adamovich, Sergei, & Su, Hao, & Nunez, Erick, & Zhou, Xianlian A. (2021). Reinforcement Learning and Control of a Lower Extremity Exoskeleton for Squat Assistance. Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 8,
Roos, Paulien E, & Vasavada, Anita , & Zheng, Liying, & Zhou, Xianlian A. (2020). Neck musculoskeletal model generation through anthropometric scaling. PloS one, 15(1),
Liu, Xuan, & Hubbi, Basil, & Zhou, Xianlian A. (2019). Spatial coordinate corrected motion tracking for optical coherence elastography. Biomedical Optics Express, 10(12), 6160-6171.
Yang, Xiaolong, & Huang, Tzu-Hao, & Hu, Hang, & Yu, Shuangyue, & Zhang, Sainan, & Zhou, Xianlian A., & Carriero, Alessandra, & Yue, Guang, & Su, Hao (2019). Spine-Inspired Continuum Soft Exoskeleton for Stoop Lifting Assistance. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, 4(4), 4547-4554.
Motiwale, Shruti, & Subramani, Adhitya, & Kraft, Reuben H, & Zhou, Xianlian A. (2018). A non-linear multiaxial fatigue damage model for the cervical intervertebral disc annulus. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 10(6), 1-16.
Zhou, Xianlian A., & Sun, Kay, & Roos, P, & Li, Peng, & Corner, Brian (2016). Anthropometry model generation based on ANSUR II database. Int. J. Digit. Hum, 1(4), 321--343.
Dura-Bernal, Salvador, & Zhou, Xianlian A., & Neymotin, Samuel A, & Przekwas, Andrzej, & Francis, Joseph T, & Lytton, William W (2015). Cortical spiking network interfaced with virtual musculoskeletal arm and robotic arm. Frontiers in neurorobotics, 9, 13.
Zhou, Xianlian A., & Whitley, Phillip, & Przekwas, Andrzej (2014). A musculoskeletal fatigue model for prediction of aviator neck manoeuvring loadings. Int. J. Hum. Factors Model. Simul, 4(3/4), 191--219.
Zhou, Xianlian A., & Przekwas, Andrzej (2011). A fast and robust whole-body control algorithm for running. International journal of human factors modelling and simulation, 2(1-2), 127--148.
Lu, Jia, & Zhou, Xianlian A. (2011). Cylindrical element: Isogeometric model of continuum rod. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 200(1-4), 233--241.
Zhou, Xianlian A., & Raghavan, Madhavan L, & Harbaugh, Robert E, & Lu, Jia (2010). Patient-specific wall stress analysis in cerebral aneurysms using inverse shell model. Annals of biomedical engineering, 38(2), 478--489.
Zhou, Xianlian A., & Lu, Jia (2009). Estimation of vascular open configuration using finite element inverse elastostatic method. Engineering with Computers, 25(1), 49.
Zhou, Xianlian A., & Lu, Jia (2008). Inverse formulation for geometrically exact stress resultant shells. International journal for numerical methods in engineering, 74(8), 1278--1302.
Lu, Jia, & Zhou, Xianlian A., & Raghavan, Madhavan L (2008). Inverse method of stress analysis for cerebral aneurysms. Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology, 7(6), 477--486.
Lu, Jia, & Zhou, Xianlian A., & Raghavan, Madhavan L (2007). Computational method of inverse elastostatics for anisotropic hyperelastic solids. International journal for numerical methods in engineering, 69(6), 1239--1261.
Lu, Jia, & Zhou, Xianlian A., & Raghavan, Madhavan L (2007). Inverse elastostatic stress analysis in pre-deformed biological structures: demonstration using abdominal aortic aneurysms. Journal of biomechanics, 40(3), 693--696.
Abdel-Malek, Karim, & Yang, Jingzhou, & Marler, Timothy, & Beck, Steven, & Mathai, Anith, & Zhou, Xianlian A., & Patrick, Amos, & Arora, Jasbir (2006). Towards a new generation of virtual humans. International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation, 1(1), 2--39.
Zhou, Xianlian A., & Lu, Jia (2005). Biomechanical analysis of skeletal muscle in an interactive digital human system. SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars—Mechanical Systems, 114(6), 2921--2929.
COLLAPSE
Conference Proceeding
Prediction of Walking Kinematics and Muscle Activities under Idealized Lower Limb Exoskeleton Assistances
International Ergonomics Association's Technical Committee on Digital Human Modeling and Simulation. , August 2022
Optimized Torque Assistance during Walking with an Idealized Hip Exoskeleton
International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC-CIE), 2021
Augmented reality anatomy visualization for surgery assistance with hololens: AR surgery assistance with hololens
June 2021
Predictive Human-in-the-Loop Simulations for Assistive Exoskeletons
Proceedings of the ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. , 2020
Spline-Based Modeling and Control of Soft Robots
2020 IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM) , 2020
International Ergonomics Association's Technical Committee on Digital Human Modeling and Simulation. , August 2022
Optimized Torque Assistance during Walking with an Idealized Hip Exoskeleton
International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC-CIE), 2021
Augmented reality anatomy visualization for surgery assistance with hololens: AR surgery assistance with hololens
June 2021
Predictive Human-in-the-Loop Simulations for Assistive Exoskeletons
Proceedings of the ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. , 2020
Spline-Based Modeling and Control of Soft Robots
2020 IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM) , 2020
SHOW MORE
An Open Source, Geometry Kernel Based High-Order Element Mesh Generation Tool
AIAA Scitech 2019 Forum, 2019
Effects of Head Supported Mass on Predicted Neck Musculoskeletal Loadings during Walking and Running
ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC-CIE), paper number: IDETC2019-97389, 2019
Comparison of Gender Specific and Anthropometrically Scaled Musculoskeletal Model Predictions Using the Sorensen Test
Proceedings of 8th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2017), 2017
Modeling of Muscle Atrophy and Exercise Induced Hypertrophy
Proceedings of 8th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2017), 2017
Damage Prediction for a Cervical Spine Intervertebral Disc
ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, 2016
Towards a micromechanical model of intervertebral disc degeneration under cyclic loading
ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, 2014
Virtual musculoskeletal arm and robotic arm driven by a biomimetic model of sensorimotor cortex with reinforcement learning
2013
High-Fidelity and Compact Modeling for Bone Conduction Communication Systems
ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, 2009
Virtual Body Generator for Anthropometry and Physiology Based Modeling
SAE Technical Paper, 2009
New Capabilities for the Virtual-Human Santos™
SAE International, 2006
NURBS-based Galerkin method and application to skeletal muscle modeling
Proceedings of the 2005 ACM symposium on Solid and physical modeling, 2005
AIAA Scitech 2019 Forum, 2019
Effects of Head Supported Mass on Predicted Neck Musculoskeletal Loadings during Walking and Running
ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC-CIE), paper number: IDETC2019-97389, 2019
Comparison of Gender Specific and Anthropometrically Scaled Musculoskeletal Model Predictions Using the Sorensen Test
Proceedings of 8th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2017), 2017
Modeling of Muscle Atrophy and Exercise Induced Hypertrophy
Proceedings of 8th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2017), 2017
Damage Prediction for a Cervical Spine Intervertebral Disc
ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, 2016
Towards a micromechanical model of intervertebral disc degeneration under cyclic loading
ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, 2014
Virtual musculoskeletal arm and robotic arm driven by a biomimetic model of sensorimotor cortex with reinforcement learning
2013
High-Fidelity and Compact Modeling for Bone Conduction Communication Systems
ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, 2009
Virtual Body Generator for Anthropometry and Physiology Based Modeling
SAE Technical Paper, 2009
New Capabilities for the Virtual-Human Santos™
SAE International, 2006
NURBS-based Galerkin method and application to skeletal muscle modeling
Proceedings of the 2005 ACM symposium on Solid and physical modeling, 2005
COLLAPSE
Chapter
Zhou, Xianlian A., & Mont, Ashley, & Adamovich, Sergei (2020). Evaluation of a 1-DOF Hand Exoskeleton for Neuromuscular Rehabilitation, Ateshian G., Myers K., Tavares J. (Eds.), Springer International Publishing. (pp. pp. 384-397). Cham: Springer International Publishing
Kraft, Reuben H, & Fielding, Rebecca A, & Lister, Kevin, & Shirley, Allen, & Marler, Tim, & Merkle, Andrew C, & Przekwas, Andrzej J, & Tan, XG, & Zhou, Xianlian A. (2016). Modeling Skeletal Injuries in Military Scenarios, The Mechanobiology and Mechanophysiology of Military-Related Injuries, Springer International Publishing. (pp. 3--35). The Mechanobiology and Mechanophysiology of Military-Related Injuries, Springer International Publishing
Kraft, Reuben H, & Fielding, Rebecca A, & Lister, Kevin, & Shirley, Allen, & Marler, Tim, & Merkle, Andrew C, & Przekwas, Andrzej J, & Tan, XG, & Zhou, Xianlian A. (2016). Modeling Skeletal Injuries in Military Scenarios, The Mechanobiology and Mechanophysiology of Military-Related Injuries, Springer International Publishing. (pp. 3--35). The Mechanobiology and Mechanophysiology of Military-Related Injuries, Springer International Publishing
Conference Abstract
Exoskeleton Hip Assistance during Walking: Assisting Flexion or Extension?
42nd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Biomechanics, 2020
A Software Platform for Dynamic Simulation of Anatomically Realistic Warfighter Avatars During Military-Relevant Tasks
The Military Health System Research Symposium (MHSRS), 2019
42nd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Biomechanics, 2020
A Software Platform for Dynamic Simulation of Anatomically Realistic Warfighter Avatars During Military-Relevant Tasks
The Military Health System Research Symposium (MHSRS), 2019